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The Basilica Cistern’s legacy | From Byzantine origins to Roman Medusa Heads

The 6th-century Basilica Cistern in Istanbul was a monumental reservoir commissioned by Emperor Justinian I to supply water to the Great Palace of Constantinople. A masterpiece of Byzantine architecture, it showcases Istanbul’s rich and centuries-...

Also Known As

Yerebatan Sarnıcı, Sunken Palace, Subterranean Palace

Founded On

532

Founded By

Emperor Justinian

Basilica Cistern

Quick Information

ADDRESS

Alemdar, Yerebatan Cd. 1/3, 34110 Fatih/İstanbul, Türkiye

RECOMMENDED DURATION

2 hours

Timings

09:00–22:00

VISITORS PER YEAR

2200000

TICKETS

From $37.37

EXPECTED WAIT TIME - STANDARD

30-60 mins (Peak), 0-30 mins (Off Peak)

EXPECTED WAIT TIME - SKIP THE LINE

0-30 mins (Peak), 0-30 mins (Off Peak)

Plan your visit

Did you know?

The Basilica Cistern is named after the large public square called Stoa Basilica, which was located above it at the surface level.

According to historical accounts, it is believed that about 7,000 slaves worked on the construction of the Basilica Cistern.

The Basilica Cistern has withstood around 22 major earthquakes since it was constructed, proof of the exceptional skills of its Byzantine builders.

More insights

Things to see inside the Basilica Cistern

Medusa Heads at the Basilica Cistern

Medusa Heads

The Basilica Cistern has two Medusa heads, one placed sideways and the other upside down. The structures have been repurposed from older relics and add an air of grandeur and mystery to the water palace.

Weeping Column at the Basilica Cistern

Weeping Column

It is believed that in the 38 years that it took to build the cistern, several hundred slaves died. The cistern has a ‘Weeping Column’, engraved with peacocks, drooping branches, and tree leaves to honor their memory.

Stone Staircase at the Basilica Cistern

Stone staircase

When you enter the cistern, you have to descend a 52-step stone ladder to get to the marble columns and Medusa heads. As you descend the steps, you will slowly see the columns and the water rising into view.

Marble Columns at the Basilica Cistern

Marble columns

One of the biggest highlights of the Basilica Cistern museum is its 336 marble columns, which stand tall and support the roof. These columns showcase different styles and carvings, adding to the architectural beauty of the water palace.

Wooden Walkways at the Basilica Cistern

Wooden walkways

When exploring the cistern, you have to use the wooden walkways to get up close to the chambers and columns. These walkways provide a convenient and safe way to explore the architectural beauty of the underground cistern.

Reflective Waters at the Basilica Cistern

Reflective waters

Take in the tranquil sight of the water-filled cistern. The mirror-like reflections make you ponder on the engineering marvel, that is the cistern, which once supplied water to the Great Palace of Constantinople.

A glimpse into the Basilica Cistern's past

History of Basilica Cistern

The Byzantine era

The Basilica Cistern was constructed during the reign of Emperor Justinian in the 6th century. It supplied water to the Great Palace and the surrounding buildings and was capable of storing around 100,000 tons of water. The structure was planned by the architect Tralles. 7000 slaves were responsible for repurposing and erecting the 336 columns seen today.

Basilica Cistern history
History of Basilica Cistern

The Ottoman period

During Ottoman rule in Turkey, the Basilica Cistern supplied water to the Topkapi Palace and the Imperial Harem. However, with the Empire’s disintegration, it fell into disuse until Dutch traveler, Petrus Gyllius restored the facility and placed lights to illuminate the columns and interiors. It was opened to the public in 1987.

Who built the Basilica Cistern?

The cistern was commissioned by Emperor Justinian I in the 6th century AD to supply water to the Great Palace of Constantinople. It was built underground, beneath the city's surface, and involved skilled craftsmen, who used innovative techniques to complete its construction.

​Interesting facts about the Basilica Cistern

The architecture of the Basilica Cistern

Architecture of Basilica Cistern

The Basilica Cistern’s roof is supported by a forest of 336 marble columns. The columns are said to have been repurposed from earlier structures, including ancient temples and buildings from the Roman period. They display a mix of various architectural styles like Doric, Corinthian, and Ionic, showcasing Istanbul’s fusion heritage.

Another intriguing aspect is the Medusa heads. The origin of these Medusa heads remains a mystery, and their presence adds an enigmatic element to the architecture. Throughout its existence, the Basilica Cistern underwent periods of neglect, rediscovery, and restoration. In the mid-16th century, during the Ottoman period, it was rediscovered by the French scholar Petrus Gyllius and brought back into the public eye.

Basilica Cistern Medusa Heads

Basilica Cistern today

Today, the Basilica Cistern is one of Istanbul's most popular tourist attractions. Over the years, the cistern has undergone various renovations and restorations to ensure its continued preservation. Today, visitors can walk along a raised platform that leads them through the dimly lit space, allowing them to see the Medusa heads up close and appreciate the stunning visual experience that the Basilica Cistern offers.

​Basilica Cistern photos

Frequently asked questions about Basilica Cistern

Why is Basilica Cistern famous?

Emperor Justinian I commissioned the Basilica Cistern in the 6th century to secure water for the palace. With its marble columns, pristine water surface, repurposed Roman columns, and iconic Medusa Heads, it draws visitors from around the world.

What can I do at Basilica Cistern?

As you explore the Basilica Cistern, admire its roof supported by 336 marble columns, repurposed from ancient Rome. The ​Medusa Heads, one sideways and the other upside down, enhance the architectural beauty of the 'Sunken Water Palace.' Walk along the wooden pathways and enjoy the stunning reflections on the water's surface.

How do I get tickets to the Basilica Cistern?

We recommend purchasing your ​Basilica Cistern tickets online in advance, as it is one of Istanbul’s most popular attractions and often crowded with visitors. Booking online also gives you access to exclusive deals and discounts.

Who designed the cistern?

The exact designer of the Basilica Cistern's floor plan is unknown. However, in the 6th century, several architects and craftsmen worked under Emperor Justinian I to construct the Cistern. While their names have not been recorded, their work resulted in an impressive underground water storage system.

When was Basilica Cistern built?

Byzantine Emperor Justinian I commissioned the Basilica Cistern's construction in the 6th century, with work taking place between 532 and 542 AD. Approximately 7,000 slaves were involved in building this impressive water storage system.

What is there to see and do in the Basilica Cistern?

The 336 marble columns, Medusa Heads, Weeping Column, and serene water surface are some of the most striking features inside the Basilica Cistern. Stroll along the wooden walkways to fully take in these remarkable sights.

What other attractions are near the Basilica Cistern?

The ​Hagia Sophia, ​Blue Mosque, and ​Galata Tower are among the top attractions in Sultanahmet Square. After exploring the Basilica Cistern, you can easily plan a day trip to visit these nearby landmarks.

What’s the best time to visit the Basilica Cistern?

To avoid large crowds, visit early in the morning or later in the afternoon, especially outside of peak tourist months (June to August). If you are visiting during the busy season, consider purchasing ​skip-the-line tickets to save time and avoid waiting.

Is the Basilica Cistern accessible for visitors with mobility issues?

The site is partially accessible, with a lift available near the exit on Alemdar Street. However, the walking path inside is uneven, and wheelchair users may need assistance, especially around corners.

Is it suitable for children?

Yes, the Basilica Cistern is a fascinating experience for children, with its impressive columns and mysterious Medusa heads, but be mindful of uneven surfaces and low lighting.

More reads

Basilica Cistern Opening Hours

Basilica Cistern opening hours

Plan Your Visit to Basilica Cistern

Plan your visit to Basilica Cistern

Basilica Cistern History

Basilica Cistern history

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